{"id":149649,"date":"2024-12-26T18:49:41","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T15:49:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/freevpnplanet.com\/?post_type=post&p=149649"},"modified":"2024-12-26T18:49:45","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T15:49:45","slug":"how-safe-is-telegram","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/freevpnplanet.com\/es\/blog\/how-safe-is-telegram\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 tan seguro es Telegram?"},"content":{"rendered":"

La reciente detenci\u00f3n del fundador de Telegram, Pavel Durov, el 24 de agosto de 2024 en el aeropuerto de Par\u00eds-Le Bourget ha vuelto a poner de relieve la aplicaci\u00f3n de mensajer\u00eda. Varios gobiernos han acusado a la aplicaci\u00f3n de ser un importante “lugar de encuentro” para personajes desagradables, incluyendo estafadores, terroristas y productores y consumidores de pornograf\u00eda infantil. Seg\u00fan la fiscal\u00eda, estos delincuentes eligen Telegram como su herramienta de comunicaci\u00f3n porque el cifrado de extremo a extremo (E2E) de la aplicaci\u00f3n se considera generalmente muy seguro.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"How<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el cifrado de extremo a extremo?<\/span><\/h2>\n

El cifrado E2E implica el uso de dos claves, una p\u00fablica y otra privada, para cifrar los chats en ambos puntos finales (es decir, los extremos de la conversaci\u00f3n). La clave privada solo est\u00e1 disponible para el remitente y el destinatario. Este m\u00e9todo es ampliamente considerado como altamente impenetrable, en la medida que Telegram se ha descrito a s\u00ed mismo como “m\u00e1s seguro que las aplicaciones de mensajer\u00eda masiva como WhatsApp y Line.”<\/span><\/p>\n

Caracter\u00edsticas de seguridad de Telegram<\/span><\/h2>\n

La aplicaci\u00f3n de Durov, que cuenta con m\u00e1s de 900 millones de usuarios activos en todo el mundo, ofrece un nivel de seguridad comparable al de WhatsApp y aplicaciones similares. Sin embargo, cabe se\u00f1alar que la aplicaci\u00f3n de Durov no aplica cifrado de extremo a extremo a todos los chats; se utiliza exclusivamente para los que se establece como “secreto.” Estos chats pueden configurarse para autodestruirse despu\u00e9s de un cierto tiempo y evitar que los mensajes enviados a la conversaci\u00f3n secreta se reenv\u00eden a otros chats. Telegram emplea un protocolo patentado para el cifrado, que garantiza una mayor privacidad, pero ha sido criticado por su falta de transparencia.<\/span><\/p>\n

Las limitaciones de los chats cl\u00e1sicos<\/span><\/h3>\n

El cifrado en Telegram no se activa autom\u00e1ticamente para todos los chats, grupos y canales. Para estos chats “cl\u00e1sicos”, los mensajes se almacenan en los servidores de Telegram y son por lo tanto t\u00e9cnicamente accesibles, ya que dejan un rastro que puede (al menos potencialmente) ser interceptado. Esto representa una diferencia significativa de otros servicios de mensajer\u00eda competidores, principalmente WhatsApp y Signal (otra aplicaci\u00f3n de mensajer\u00eda considerada altamente segura para las comunicaciones privadas), que mantienen el cifrado de extremo a extremo por defecto.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cifrado servidor-cliente y distribuci\u00f3n geogr\u00e1fica<\/span><\/h3>\n

Sin embargo, Telegram afirma proteger tambi\u00e9n los chats que no est\u00e1n cubiertos por el cifrado de extremo a extremo, utilizando una infraestructura distribuida que emplea el llamado cifrado servidor-cliente. En esencia, los datos de chat se distribuyen entre m\u00faltiples centros de datos en varias \u00e1reas geogr\u00e1ficas, cada uno controlado por una entidad legal separada que cae bajo diferentes jurisdicciones. Las claves de descifrado tambi\u00e9n se dividen en varias partes y nunca se mantienen junto con los datos que protegen, por lo que es m\u00e1s dif\u00edcil encontrar los datos asociados con las conversaciones almacenadas en los servidores de Telegram.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Telegram\u2019s<\/p>\n

El papel de las VPN en la mejora de la privacidad<\/span><\/h2>\n

En este contexto, el uso de<\/span> redes privadas virtuales<\/span><\/a> (VPN) se ha vuelto cada vez m\u00e1s popular entre los usuarios que buscan una capa adicional de privacidad y seguridad.<\/span>\u00a0 Planet VPN <\/span><\/a>\u00a0puede enmascarar la direcci\u00f3n IP de un usuario y cifrar su tr\u00e1fico de internet, lo que hace que sea significativamente m\u00e1s dif\u00edcil para terceros monitorear o rastrear las actividades en l\u00ednea.\u00a0 Esta herramienta adicional es utilizada a menudo por individuos que desean asegurar el anonimato al acceder a Telegram u otras plataformas similares, particularmente en regiones donde los gobiernos u otras entidades intentan monitorear o restringir la comunicaci\u00f3n.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Protecci\u00f3n legal y divulgaci\u00f3n de datos<\/span><\/h2>\n

Por consiguiente, se requieren m\u00faltiples \u00f3rdenes judiciales de diversas jurisdicciones para obligar a la divulgaci\u00f3n de datos. Esta estructura garantiza que ning\u00fan gobierno o coalici\u00f3n de gobiernos pueda impedir la privacidad y la libertad de expresi\u00f3n de las personas. Solo en los casos en que exista una preocupaci\u00f3n urgente y universal que haya sido revisada y validada por m\u00faltiples sistemas legales a escala global, Telegram puede ser obligado a revelar datos de usuarios. Hasta la fecha, no se ha comunicado ning\u00fan dato a terceros, incluidos los gobiernos.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aunque el cifrado servidor-cliente se considera razonablemente seguro, cabe se\u00f1alar que este nivel “b\u00e1sico” de seguridad s\u00f3lo se aplica entre los usuarios y el servidor. Esto significa que Telegram puede potencialmente acceder a sus servidores e interceptar comunicaciones, incluidas llamadas y videollamadas. Los ciberdelincuentes podr\u00edan hacer lo mismo si logran romper los sistemas de seguridad de la plataforma.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Telegram\u2019s<\/p>\n

Activaci\u00f3n de cifrado de extremo a extremo de Telegram<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u00a0\u00bfQu\u00e9 hay del segundo nivel de seguridad de Telegram, el cifrado de extremo a extremo?<\/b>\u00a0 Esto representa el nivel m\u00e1s alto de seguridad disponible en la plataforma y se aplica a los chats secretos (que pueden activarse en las configuraciones individuales del chat, aunque no es particularmente intuitivo).\u00a0 Para activar chats secretos en Telegram, navegue a la configuraci\u00f3n de chat individual, localice el perfil del usuario y toque los tres puntos en la esquina superior derecha.\u00a0 Seleccione el icono con el candado para iniciar el chat secreto.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

MTProto Protocol y sus caracter\u00edsticas criptogr\u00e1ficas<\/span><\/h3>\n

Cabe se\u00f1alar que el protocolo MTProto, aplicado a los servidores de Telegram, solo est\u00e1 disponible en esta etapa. Este protocolo es capaz de proteger las comunicaciones del usuario mediante el cifrado de cliente a cliente. Para una mayor elaboraci\u00f3n, el protocolo MTProto utiliza una combinaci\u00f3n de algoritmos criptogr\u00e1ficos, incluido el cifrado AES-256 para los mensajes, y el cifrado RSA de 2048 bits para los intercambios de claves criptogr\u00e1ficas, y Diffie-Hellman clave de intercambio para establecer chats secretos en canales de comunicaci\u00f3n no protegidos.<\/span><\/p>\n

Como un protocolo de c\u00f3digo no abierto, los expertos en seguridad independientes son incapaces de probar su nivel de seguridad y posibles vulnerabilidades, lo que no es un punto a favor de Telegram. En general, los expertos en seguridad prefieren bibliotecas de cifrado estandarizadas donde se conocen las vulnerabilidades potenciales y pueden ser mejor tratadas y resueltas. Por consiguiente, la impenetrabilidad del cifrado de extremo a extremo de Telegram sigue siendo incierta.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La reciente detenci\u00f3n del fundador de Telegram, Pavel Durov, el 24 de agosto de 2024 en el aeropuerto de Par\u00eds-Le Bourget ha vuelto a poner de relieve la aplicaci\u00f3n de mensajer\u00eda. Varios gobiernos han acusado a la aplicaci\u00f3n de ser un importante “lugar de encuentro” para personajes desagradables, incluyendo estafadores, terroristas y productores y consumidores…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":149577,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[121,138],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-149649","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cybersecurity-es","category-vpn-es"],"yoast_head":"\nSeguridad de telegramas: Cifrado, uso de VPN y controversias explicadas<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Descubre c\u00f3mo Telegram protege los datos de los usuarios con cifrado, el papel de las VPN en la mejora de la privacidad y las controversias que rodean a su protocolo MTProto. 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