{"id":149629,"date":"2024-12-26T18:18:57","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T15:18:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/freevpnplanet.com\/?post_type=post&p=149629"},"modified":"2024-12-26T18:19:02","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T15:19:02","slug":"how-safe-is-telegram","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/freevpnplanet.com\/fr\/blog\/how-safe-is-telegram\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00e9l\u00e9gramme est-il s\u00fbr?"},"content":{"rendered":"

La r\u00e9cente arrestation de Pavel Durov, fondateur de Telegram, le 24\u00a0ao\u00fbt\u00a02024 \u00e0 l\u2019a\u00e9roport de Paris-Le Bourget a une nouvelle fois mis en lumi\u00e8re l\u2019application de messagerie. Divers gouvernements ont accus\u00e9 l\u2019application d\u2019\u00eatre un “lieu de rencontre” majeur pour les personnages peu recommandables, y compris les fraudeurs, les terroristes et les producteurs et consommateurs de pornographie juv\u00e9nile. Selon le minist\u00e8re public, ces criminels choisissent Telegram comme outil de communication car le chiffrement de bout en bout (E2E) de l\u2019application est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme tr\u00e8s s\u00e9curis\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"How<\/p>\n

Qu\u2019est-ce que le chiffrement de bout en bout?<\/span><\/h2>\n

Le chiffrement E2E consiste \u00e0 utiliser deux cl\u00e9s, une cl\u00e9 publique et une cl\u00e9 priv\u00e9e, pour chiffrer les conversations des deux points de terminaison (c.-\u00e0-d. les extr\u00e9mit\u00e9s de la conversation). La cl\u00e9 priv\u00e9e est uniquement disponible pour l\u2019exp\u00e9diteur et le destinataire. Cette m\u00e9thode est largement consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme tr\u00e8s imp\u00e9n\u00e9trable, dans la mesure o\u00f9 Telegram s\u2019est d\u00e9crit comme “plus s\u00fbr que les applications de messagerie de masse telles que WhatsApp et Line.”<\/span><\/p>\n

Les fonctionnalit\u00e9s de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de Telegram<\/span><\/h2>\n

L\u2019application de Durov, qui compte plus de 900\u00a0millions d\u2019utilisateurs actifs dans le monde entier, offre un niveau de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 comparable \u00e0 celui de WhatsApp et d\u2019applications similaires. Toutefois, il convient de noter que l\u2019application de Durov n\u2019applique pas le chiffrement de bout en bout \u00e0 tous les chats; Il est utilis\u00e9 exclusivement pour ceux qui sont d\u00e9finis comme \u00ab\u00a0secret\u00a0\u00bb. Ces chats peuvent \u00eatre configur\u00e9s pour s\u2019autod\u00e9truire apr\u00e8s un certain temps et emp\u00eacher que les messages envoy\u00e9s \u00e0 la conversation secr\u00e8te soient transf\u00e9r\u00e9s vers d\u2019autres chats. Telegram utilise un protocole de cryptage propri\u00e9taire, qui garantit une confidentialit\u00e9 suppl\u00e9mentaire mais a fait l\u2019objet de critiques pour son manque de transparence.<\/span><\/p>\n

Les limites des chats classiques<\/span><\/h3>\n

Le cryptage sur Telegram n\u2019est pas automatiquement activ\u00e9 pour tous les chats, groupes et canaux. Pour ces chats “classiques”, les messages sont stock\u00e9s sur les serveurs de Telegram et sont donc techniquement accessibles, car ils laissent une trace qui peut (au moins potentiellement) \u00eatre intercept\u00e9e. Cela repr\u00e9sente une diff\u00e9rence importante par rapport aux autres services de messagerie concurrents, principalement WhatsApp et Signal (autre application de messagerie consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme tr\u00e8s s\u00e9curis\u00e9e pour les communications priv\u00e9es), qui maintiennent un chiffrement de bout en bout par d\u00e9faut.<\/span><\/p>\n

Chiffrement serveur-client et distribution g\u00e9ographique<\/span><\/h3>\n

N\u00e9anmoins, Telegram pr\u00e9tend prot\u00e9ger \u00e9galement les chats qui ne sont pas couverts par le chiffrement de bout en bout, en utilisant une infrastructure distribu\u00e9e employant un cryptage soi-disant serveur-client. En substance, les donn\u00e9es de chat sont r\u00e9parties dans plusieurs centres de donn\u00e9es situ\u00e9s dans diff\u00e9rentes zones g\u00e9ographiques, chacun \u00e9tant contr\u00f4l\u00e9 par une entit\u00e9 juridique distincte relevant de juridictions diff\u00e9rentes. Les cl\u00e9s de d\u00e9cryptage sont \u00e9galement divis\u00e9es en plusieurs parties et ne sont jamais conserv\u00e9es avec les donn\u00e9es qu\u2019elles prot\u00e8gent, ce qui rend plus difficile la recherche des donn\u00e9es associ\u00e9es aux conversations stock\u00e9es sur les serveurs de Telegram.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Telegram\u2019s<\/p>\n

Le r\u00f4le des VPN dans l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de la confidentialit\u00e9<\/span><\/h2>\n

Dans ce contexte, l\u2019utilisation de<\/span> r\u00e9seaux priv\u00e9s virtuels<\/span><\/a> (VPN) est devenue de plus en plus populaire aupr\u00e8s des utilisateurs qui recherchent une couche suppl\u00e9mentaire de confidentialit\u00e9 et de s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/span>\u00a0 Planet VPN <\/span><\/a>\u00a0peut masquer l\u2019adresse IP d\u2019un utilisateur et crypter son trafic Internet, ce qui rend beaucoup plus difficile pour les tiers de surveiller ou de suivre ses activit\u00e9s en ligne.\u00a0 Cet outil suppl\u00e9mentaire est souvent utilis\u00e9 par les personnes qui veulent assurer l\u2019anonymat lorsqu\u2019elles acc\u00e8dent \u00e0 Telegram ou \u00e0 d\u2019autres plateformes similaires, en particulier dans les r\u00e9gions o\u00f9 les gouvernements ou d\u2019autres entit\u00e9s tentent de surveiller ou de restreindre la communication.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Protection juridique et divulgation des donn\u00e9es\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

Par cons\u00e9quent, il faut plusieurs ordonnances de tribunaux de diverses juridictions pour obliger \u00e0 divulguer des donn\u00e9es. Cette structure garantit qu\u2019aucun gouvernement ou coalition de gouvernements ne peut entraver la vie priv\u00e9e et la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression des gens. T\u00e9l\u00e9gramme ne peut \u00eatre contraint de divulguer des donn\u00e9es d\u2019utilisateur que dans les cas o\u00f9 il existe une pr\u00e9occupation urgente et universelle qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 minutieusement examin\u00e9e et valid\u00e9e par plusieurs syst\u00e8mes juridiques \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle mondiale. \u00c0 ce jour, aucune donn\u00e9e n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 communiqu\u00e9e \u00e0 des tiers, y compris aux gouvernements.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bien que le chiffrement serveur-client soit consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme raisonnablement s\u00fbr, il convient de noter que ce niveau de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 “de base” n\u2019est appliqu\u00e9 qu\u2019entre les utilisateurs et le serveur. Cela signifie que Telegram peut potentiellement acc\u00e9der \u00e0 ses serveurs et intercepter les communications, y compris les appels et les appels vid\u00e9o. Les cybercriminels pourraient faire de m\u00eame s\u2019ils parviennent \u00e0 violer les syst\u00e8mes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de la plateforme.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Telegram\u2019s<\/p>\n

Activation du chiffrement de bout en bout de Telegram<\/span><\/h2>\n

Qu\u2019en est-il du deuxi\u00e8me niveau de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de Telegram, le chiffrement de bout en bout?<\/b>\u00a0 Cela repr\u00e9sente le plus haut niveau de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 disponible sur la plateforme et s\u2019applique aux chats secrets (qui peuvent \u00eatre activ\u00e9s dans les param\u00e8tres individuels du chat, mais pas particuli\u00e8rement intuitivement).\u00a0 Pour activer les chats secrets sur Telegram, acc\u00e9dez aux param\u00e8tres de chat individuels, localisez le profil utilisateur et appuyez sur les trois points dans le coin sup\u00e9rieur droit.\u00a0 S\u00e9lectionnez l\u2019ic\u00f4ne avec le cadenas pour lancer la conversation secr\u00e8te.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

MTProto Protocol et ses fonctionnalit\u00e9s cryptographiques<\/span><\/h3>\n

Il est \u00e0 noter que le protocole MTProto, appliqu\u00e9 aux serveurs de Telegram, n\u2019est disponible qu\u2019\u00e0 ce stade. Ce protocole est capable de prot\u00e9ger les communications des utilisateurs par le biais du chiffrement client \u00e0 client. Pour approfondir, le protocole MTProto utilise une combinaison d\u2019algorithmes cryptographiques, y compris le cryptage AES-256 pour les messages, le cryptage RSA 2048 bits pour les \u00e9changes de cl\u00e9s cryptographiques, et Diffie-Hellman pour \u00e9tablir des conversations secr\u00e8tes sur des canaux de communication non prot\u00e9g\u00e9s.<\/span><\/p>\n

En tant que protocole non open source, les experts en s\u00e9curit\u00e9 ind\u00e9pendants ne sont pas en mesure de tester son niveau de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et ses vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s possibles, ce qui n\u2019est pas un point en faveur de Telegram. En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, les experts de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 pr\u00e9f\u00e8rent des biblioth\u00e8ques de chiffrement standardis\u00e9es o\u00f9 les vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s potentielles sont connues et peuvent \u00eatre mieux trait\u00e9es et r\u00e9solues. Par cons\u00e9quent, l\u2019impenetrabilit\u00e9 du chiffrement de bout en bout de Telegram demeure incertaine.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La r\u00e9cente arrestation de Pavel Durov, fondateur de Telegram, le 24\u00a0ao\u00fbt\u00a02024 \u00e0 l\u2019a\u00e9roport de Paris-Le Bourget a une nouvelle fois mis en lumi\u00e8re l\u2019application de messagerie. Divers gouvernements ont accus\u00e9 l\u2019application d\u2019\u00eatre un “lieu de rencontre” majeur pour les personnages peu recommandables, y compris les fraudeurs, les terroristes et les producteurs et consommateurs de pornographie…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":149567,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[235],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-149629","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cybersecurity-fr"],"yoast_head":"\nS\u00e9curit\u00e9 de t\u00e9l\u00e9gramme : Cryptage, utilisation du VPN et controverses expliqu\u00e9es<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"D\u00e9couvrez comment Telegram s\u00e9curise les donn\u00e9es des utilisateurs avec le cryptage, le r\u00f4le des VPN dans l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de la confidentialit\u00e9 et les controverses entourant son protocole MTProto. 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