{"id":74600,"date":"2021-12-08T15:15:55","date_gmt":"2021-12-08T12:15:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/content.freeplanetvpn.com\/?p=74600"},"modified":"2024-02-26T16:49:57","modified_gmt":"2024-02-26T13:49:57","slug":"protocoles-vpn-quels-sont-ils-et-ou-sont-ils-utilises","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/freevpnplanet.com\/fr\/blog\/protocoles-vpn-quels-sont-ils-et-ou-sont-ils-utilises\/","title":{"rendered":"Protocoles VPN : Quels sont-ils et o\u00f9 sont-ils utilis\u00e9s"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pour mieux comprendre ce que sont les protocoles VPN, il est pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable de comprendre d’abord ce qu’est un VPN. Un VPN (r\u00e9seau priv\u00e9 virtuel) est une technologie qui nous permet de superposer le trafic entrant et sortant entre plusieurs r\u00e9seaux, couvrant ainsi vos traces l\u00e9gitimes en ligne.<\/p>\n

Les protocoles VPN sont n\u00e9cessaires pour naviguer de mani\u00e8re s\u00e9curis\u00e9e sur le web, surtout lors de la connexion \u00e0 des hotspots wifi tiers non s\u00e9curis\u00e9s dans des lieux publics. Lorsque vous utilisez un VPN, toutes vos donn\u00e9es sont chiffr\u00e9es, garantissant ainsi qu’aucun trafic sortant ou entrant de votre appareil ne peut \u00eatre compromis. De cette mani\u00e8re, vos donn\u00e9es sont sous un verrouillage s\u00e9curis\u00e9 qui offre quasiment 0 chances \u00e0 des tiers malveillants de mettre la main sur vos donn\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

\"Protocoles<\/p>\n

Qu’est-ce qu’un protocole VPN<\/h2>\n

Les protocoles de r\u00e9seau VPN constituent un service complet qui assure une connexion s\u00e9curis\u00e9e entre deux appareils ou plus. Il s’agit d’un ensemble de normes pour encoder les informations des appareils num\u00e9riques des utilisateurs vers les serveurs web et vice versa.<\/p>\n

Les protocoles VPN ont diff\u00e9rentes caract\u00e9ristiques qui les rendent efficaces quelles que soient les conditions cybern\u00e9tiques. Par exemple, l’IKEv2 est id\u00e9al pour les technologies fixes, tandis qu’il existe d’autres protocoles plus adapt\u00e9s aux appareils portables.<\/p>\n

Pour qu’un utilisateur lambda comprenne mieux ce qu’est un protocole VPN, il est important qu’il comprenne la valeur exacte qu’un protocole VPN apporte. En simplifiant, un protocole VPN est la technologie derri\u00e8re les r\u00e9seaux priv\u00e9s virtuels qui d\u00e9cide quel itin\u00e9raire est le plus s\u00e9curis\u00e9 pour votre trafic entrant et sortant, en fonction de votre emplacement et de votre appareil.<\/p>\n

Et pour vous assurer que vous \u00eates en s\u00e9curit\u00e9 lors de la navigation sur le web au mieux de vos capacit\u00e9s VPN, assurez-vous d’utiliser le bon type d’outils VPN. Si vous naviguez sur le web via un PC ou un ordinateur portable, utilisez le plugin VPN pour votre navigateur. Si vous naviguez sur le web via votre smartphone, assurez-vous d’utiliser l’application VPN pour iOS ou Android.<\/p>\n

Qu’est-ce que le chiffrement VPN<\/span><\/h2>\n

Le chiffrement VPN est une sorte de technologie qui crypte les donn\u00e9es qui seraient autrement accessibles au public, les convertissant d’un format lisible et facile d’acc\u00e8s en un code crypt\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Le chiffrement rend vos donn\u00e9es entrantes et sortantes inaccessibles \u00e0 tout tiers malveillant en ligne, et la seule fa\u00e7on de d\u00e9chiffrer vos donn\u00e9es serait d’utiliser la cl\u00e9 appropri\u00e9e. Gr\u00e2ce au chiffrement des donn\u00e9es, les informations en ligne des utilisateurs envoy\u00e9es et re\u00e7ues sont prot\u00e9g\u00e9es contre tout tiers, m\u00eame leurs fournisseurs d’acc\u00e8s Internet.<\/p>\n

Dans l’ensemble, il est important d’utiliser le chiffrement VPN chaque fois que vous utilisez le web en \u00e9tant connect\u00e9 \u00e0 un wifi public non s\u00e9curis\u00e9. C’est \u00e0 ce moment-l\u00e0 que vous et vos donn\u00e9es sont les plus vuln\u00e9rables.<\/p>\n

Si vous naviguez sur le web sans VPN et que vous \u00eates connect\u00e9 \u00e0 un hotspot wifi public compromis, des tiers malveillants pourront localiser pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment votre emplacement et m\u00eame obtenir vos informations personnelles. Cela ne menace pas seulement vos donn\u00e9es personnelles, mais donne \u00e9galement aux logiciels malveillants la possibilit\u00e9 de compromettre votre ordinateur.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Qu'est-ce<\/p>\n

Quels sont les protocoles utilis\u00e9s par Planet VPN<\/span><\/h2>\n

Planet VPN est un fournisseur VPN fiable et offre \u00e0 ses utilisateurs la possibilit\u00e9 de naviguer sur le web de mani\u00e8re s\u00fbre et s\u00e9curis\u00e9e sans aucune limitation, que ce soit au niveau g\u00e9ographique ou de la vitesse. Avec Planet VPN, vous pouvez m\u00eame contourner toutes les limitations impos\u00e9es par un fournisseur d’acc\u00e8s Internet, vous permettant ainsi de naviguer sur n’importe quel contenu en ligne sans restrictions.<\/span><\/p>\n

Planet\u00a0 VPN inclut :<\/span><\/p>\n

– Protocole de tunnelisation point \u00e0 point (PPTP) – un protocole de tunnelisation VPN de point \u00e0 point, gr\u00e2ce auquel un PC \u00e9tablit une connexion s\u00e9curis\u00e9e avec le serveur.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Protocole de tunnelisation de niveau 2 \u00e0 travers la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 du protocole Internet (L2TP\/IPSec) – un protocole de tunnelisation de deuxi\u00e8me niveau, avec encapsulation, qui permet aux applications d’interagir sur une longue dur\u00e9e.<\/span><\/p>\n

– OpenVPN – est un protocole VPN qui assure une communication s\u00e9curis\u00e9e entre les utilisateurs du r\u00e9seau.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Internet Key Exchange v2 (IKEv2) – est un protocole VPN qui assure une communication s\u00e9curis\u00e9e entre les utilisateurs du r\u00e9seau.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Protocoles<\/p>\n

Recommandations sur l’utilisation des protocoles VPN<\/span><\/h2>\n

Chaque protocole VPN contient des algorithmes individuels pour coder les informations. En retour, cela affecte la vitesse de traitement des demandes et assure le niveau de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 dans le r\u00e9seau. En fonction des besoins en ligne de l’utilisateur, vous pouvez indiquer quel protocole VPN est n\u00e9cessaire.<\/span><\/p>\n

Voici un bref aper\u00e7u de deux types de protocoles VPN :<\/span><\/p>\n

– PPTP<\/span><\/p>\n

Le protocole PPTP est le plus populaire parmi les utilisateurs d’Internet. Un client peut utiliser le protocole PPTP pour envoyer des donn\u00e9es depuis un PC ou tout appareil mobile via un tunnel VPN. Les appareils sont automatiquement authentifi\u00e9s avec un mot de passe.<\/span><\/p>\n

Avantages : PPTP est pratique pour l’utilisateur, car il n’est pas n\u00e9cessaire d’acheter du mat\u00e9riel suppl\u00e9mentaire pour former une cl\u00e9 secr\u00e8te. C’est un protocole simple qui assure des op\u00e9rations stables dans l’environnement en ligne. Il est facile \u00e0 installer m\u00eame pour les utilisateurs non professionnels.<\/span><\/p>\n

Inconv\u00e9nients : un protocole avec un chiffrement faible et une protection faible de la cl\u00e9 transmise. Non recommand\u00e9 pour partager des informations confidentielles.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Qu'est-ce<\/p>\n

– L2TP\/IPSec<\/span><\/p>\n

L2TP\/IPSec est tr\u00e8s similaire au protocole RTR. Cependant, la principale caract\u00e9ristique distinctive est que L2TP\/IPSec assure r\u00e9ellement la confidentialit\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es. Une double encapsulation est utilis\u00e9e : L2TP lui-m\u00eame, qui ne fournit pas de chiffrement, est utilis\u00e9 pour le transfert de donn\u00e9es, et l’encapsulation est assur\u00e9e par les protocoles IPSec, d’o\u00f9 le nom, L2TP\/IPSec.<\/span><\/p>\n

Avantages : l’utilisateur peut configurer le protocole L2TP\/IPSec sur des appareils mobiles et fixes avec des logiciels iOS, Windows, Linux et Android. La prise en charge du protocole est int\u00e9gr\u00e9e dans tous les syst\u00e8mes d’exploitation.<\/span><\/p>\n

Inconv\u00e9nients : en raison du fait que le protocole L2TP\/IPSec contient des options de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 suppl\u00e9mentaires, utilisant l’encapsulation, la vitesse de la connexion r\u00e9seau est r\u00e9duite.<\/span><\/p>\n

OpenVPN<\/span><\/p>\n

Le protocole OpenVPN cr\u00e9e une connexion chiffr\u00e9e vers le web mondial. Il ne s’agit pas d’un protocole pur, mais d’une solution de protocole VPN open source compl\u00e8te qui peut transf\u00e9rer rapidement des donn\u00e9es et authentifier votre appareil. <\/span><\/p>\n

Les protocoles de transfert UDP et TCP sont utilis\u00e9s pour \u00e9changer des informations chiffr\u00e9es. Leur utilisation est d\u00e9termin\u00e9e par le r\u00e9sultat final : connexion s\u00e9curis\u00e9e fiable ou hautes vitesses ?<\/p>\n

L’utilisation de l’UDP implique un \u00e9change rapide de donn\u00e9es, o\u00f9 la v\u00e9rification d’un ensemble de paquets de donn\u00e9es transmis, ou plut\u00f4t la comparaison du nombre de paquets transmis et re\u00e7us, se produit \u00e0 la derni\u00e8re \u00e9tape. Il s’agit d’une solution optimale lors de travaux avec des connexions Internet rapides. La connexion TCP, quant \u00e0 elle, implique la confirmation instantan\u00e9e de la r\u00e9ception de chaque paquet envoy\u00e9. Pour augmenter la fiabilit\u00e9, ce protocole est utilis\u00e9 en cas de blocages de trafic possibles, ainsi qu’en cas de connexion instable.<\/p>\n

Avantages de l’OpenVPN : le code source ouvert permet l’utilisation de param\u00e8tres de transmission et de chiffrement non standard, rendant impossible le d\u00e9cryptage m\u00eame pour les services sp\u00e9ciaux. OpenVPN offre des performances efficaces et un niveau de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 plus \u00e9lev\u00e9. Selon les experts, c’est la meilleure solution pour cr\u00e9er un r\u00e9seau priv\u00e9 virtuel aujourd’hui. Cependant, ses inconv\u00e9nients incluent une installation l\u00e9g\u00e8rement plus compliqu\u00e9e par rapport \u00e0 d’autres protocoles, l’absence de prise en charge int\u00e9gr\u00e9e des syst\u00e8mes d’exploitation, et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d’un logiciel tiers pour son utilisation.<\/p>\n

En ce qui concerne IKEv2, le protocole est moderne et d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par Cisco et Microsoft. Il permet la cr\u00e9ation de tunnels directs avec des adresses IP class\u00e9es entre le client et le serveur. Dans le protocole IKEv2, vous pouvez utiliser de mani\u00e8re flexible des algorithmes cryptographiques, permettant \u00e0 l’utilisateur de choisir la mani\u00e8re la plus pratique de chiffrer les donn\u00e9es. IKEv2 offre \u00e9galement une protection fiable contre les attaques par d\u00e9ni de service (DoS), ce qui est un avantage ind\u00e9niable.<\/p>\n

\"Comparaison<\/p>\n

Comparaison des protocoles VPN courants : lequel est fait pour vous ?<\/span><\/h2>\n

La comparaison des protocoles VPN courants est essentielle pour d\u00e9terminer celui qui convient le mieux \u00e0 vos besoins, car chacun offre des fonctionnalit\u00e9s uniques et des niveaux de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 diff\u00e9rents :<\/span><\/p>\n

– L2TP\/IPsec : Connu pour sa simplicit\u00e9, le protocole de tunnelisation de niveau 2 (L2TP) avec IPsec est un bon choix pour les utilisateurs recherchant la facilit\u00e9 d’utilisation. Il offre un cryptage robuste mais peut \u00eatre moins s\u00e9curis\u00e9 que OpenVPN.<\/span><\/p>\n

– IKEv2\/IPsec : Ce protocole est r\u00e9put\u00e9 pour sa rapidit\u00e9 et sa fiabilit\u00e9, en faisant un choix id\u00e9al pour les appareils mobiles. Il peut rapidement se reconnecter \u00e0 un serveur apr\u00e8s un changement de r\u00e9seau, assurant une connexion constante.<\/span><\/p>\n

– SSTP : D\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par Microsoft, le protocole de tunnelisation s\u00e9curis\u00e9 de socket (SSTP) est un excellent choix pour les utilisateurs de Windows. Il est tr\u00e8s s\u00e9curis\u00e9, car il utilise le cryptage SSL\/TLS, mais peut avoir une disponibilit\u00e9 limit\u00e9e sur les plateformes non Windows.<\/span><\/p>\n

– PPTP : Bien que rapide, le protocole de tunnelisation point \u00e0 point (PPTP) est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme moins s\u00e9curis\u00e9 en raison de vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9s. Il convient aux utilisateurs qui privil\u00e9gient la vitesse \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9, mais il doit \u00eatre \u00e9vit\u00e9 pour les activit\u00e9s sensibles.<\/span><\/p>\n

– WireGuard : Un protocole plus r\u00e9cent gagnant en popularit\u00e9 pour sa rapidit\u00e9 et sa s\u00e9curit\u00e9. WireGuard offre un cryptage puissant et est r\u00e9put\u00e9 pour son efficacit\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

– IKEv1 : Une ancienne version de IKE, IKEv1 est moins s\u00e9curis\u00e9 que son successeur (IKEv2) mais peut encore \u00eatre pris en charge par certains services VPN.<\/span><\/p>\n

Le bon protocole VPN d\u00e9pend de vos priorit\u00e9s, telles que la s\u00e9curit\u00e9, la vitesse, la compatibilit\u00e9 avec les appareils et la facilit\u00e9 d’utilisation. Il est conseill\u00e9 de choisir un service VPN offrant plusieurs options de protocole, vous permettant de basculer en fonction de vos besoins sp\u00e9cifiques. Associez toujours votre choix \u00e0 un fournisseur VPN de confiance pour maintenir une exp\u00e9rience en ligne s\u00e9curis\u00e9e.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pour mieux comprendre ce que sont les protocoles VPN, il est pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable de comprendre d’abord ce qu’est un VPN. Un VPN (r\u00e9seau priv\u00e9 virtuel) est une technologie qui nous permet de superposer le trafic entrant et sortant entre plusieurs r\u00e9seaux, couvrant ainsi vos traces l\u00e9gitimes en ligne. Les protocoles VPN sont n\u00e9cessaires pour naviguer de…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":75675,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[231],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-74600","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vpn-fr"],"yoast_head":"\nProtocoles VPN : Tout ce que vous devez savoir | Planet VPN<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"D\u00e9couvrez notre guide complet sur les protocoles VPN, qui offre des informations pr\u00e9cieuses pour am\u00e9liorer votre compr\u00e9hension de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de la confidentialit\u00e9 en ligne.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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