{"id":149646,"date":"2024-12-01T18:44:02","date_gmt":"2024-12-01T15:44:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/freevpnplanet.com\/?post_type=post&p=149646"},"modified":"2025-03-31T13:19:06","modified_gmt":"2025-03-31T10:19:06","slug":"how-safe-is-telegram","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/freevpnplanet.com\/ro\/blog\/how-safe-is-telegram\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e2t de sigur\u0103 este Telegram?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Arestarea recent\u0103 a fondatorului Telegram, Pavel Durov, la 24 august 2024, pe aeroportul Paris-le Bourget a adus din nou \u00een centrul aten\u021biei aplica\u021bia de mesagerie.\u00a0 Diferite guverne au acuzat aplica\u021bia ca fiind un \u201eloc de \u00eent\u00e2lnire\u201d major pentru personaje nepl\u0103cute, inclusiv infractori, terori\u0219ti, produc\u0103tori \u0219i consumatori de pornografie infantil\u0103.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

Potrivit procuraturii, ace\u0219ti infractori aleg Telegram ca instrument de comunicare, deoarece criptarea end-to-end (E2E) a aplica\u021biei este \u00een general considerat\u0103 foarte sigur\u0103.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"How<\/p>\n

Ce este criptarea end-to-end?\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

Criptarea E2E implic\u0103 utilizarea a dou\u0103 chei, una public\u0103 \u0219i una privat\u0103, pentru a cripta chat-urile pentru ambele puncte finale (adic\u0103 sf\u00e2r\u0219itul conversa\u021biei).\u00a0 Cheia privat\u0103 este disponibil\u0103 numai expeditorului \u0219i destinatarului.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

Aceast\u0103 metod\u0103 este considerat\u0103 pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103 ca fiind extrem de impenetrabil\u0103, \u00een m\u0103sura \u00een care Telegram s-a descris ca fiind “mai sigur\u0103 dec\u00e2t aplica\u021biile de mesagerie \u00een mas\u0103, cum ar fi WhatsApp \u0219i Line”.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Caracteristicile de securitate ale Telegram\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

Aplica\u021bia Durov, care are peste 900 de milioane de utilizatori activi \u00een \u00eentreaga lume, ofer\u0103 un nivel de securitate comparabil cu cel al WhatsApp \u0219i al aplica\u021biilor similare.\u00a0 Cu toate acestea, trebuie remarcat faptul c\u0103 aplica\u021bia Durov nu aplic\u0103 criptare end-to-end pentru toate chat-urile;\u00a0 este folosit exclusiv pentru cei seta\u021bi ca “secret”. <\/span><\/p>\n

Aceste chat-uri pot fi configurate pentru a se autodistruge dup\u0103 o anumit\u0103 perioad\u0103 de timp \u0219i pentru a \u00eempiedica transmiterea mesajelor trimise conversa\u021biei secrete c\u0103tre alte chat-uri.\u00a0 Telegram utilizeaz\u0103 un protocol de criptare, care asigur\u0103 o confiden\u021bialitate suplimentar\u0103, dar a fost criticat pentru lipsa de transparen\u021b\u0103.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Limitele chatului clasic\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

Criptarea pe Telegram nu este activat\u0103 automat pentru toate chat-urile, grupurile \u0219i canalele.\u00a0 Pentru aceste chat-uri “clasice”, mesajele sunt stocate pe serverele Telegram \u0219i, prin urmare, sunt accesibile din punct de vedere tehnic, deoarece las\u0103 o urm\u0103 care poate (cel pu\u021bin poten\u021bial) fi interceptat\u0103.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

Aceasta reprezint\u0103 o distinc\u021bie semnificativ\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 de alte servicii de mesagerie concurente, \u00een principal WhatsApp \u0219i Signal (o alt\u0103 aplica\u021bie de mesagerie considerat\u0103 a fi extrem de sigur\u0103 pentru comunica\u021biile private), care men\u021bin criptarea end-to-end \u00een mod implicit.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Criptare server-client \u0219i distribu\u021bie geografic\u0103\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

Cu toate acestea, Telegram pretinde c\u0103 protejeaz\u0103 \u0219i chat-urile care nu sunt acoperite de criptarea end-to-end, folosind o infrastructur\u0103 distribuit\u0103 care utilizeaz\u0103 a\u0219a-numita criptare server-client.\u00a0 \u00cen esen\u021b\u0103, datele de chat sunt distribuite \u00een mai multe centre de date din diferite zone geografice, fiecare controlat\u0103 de o entitate juridic\u0103 separat\u0103 care se \u00eencadreaz\u0103 \u00een jurisdic\u021bii diferite.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

Cheile de decriptare sunt, de asemenea, \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bite \u00een mai multe p\u0103r\u021bi \u0219i nu sunt p\u0103strate niciodat\u0103 \u00eempreun\u0103 cu datele pe care le protejeaz\u0103, f\u0103c\u00e2nd astfel mai dificil\u0103 g\u0103sirea datelor asociate conversa\u021biilor stocate pe serverele Telegram.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Telegram\u2019s<\/p>\n

Rolul VPN-urilor \u00een \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea confiden\u021bialit\u0103\u021bii\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u00cen acest context, utilizarea<\/span>\u00a0 re\u021belelor private virtuale<\/span><\/a> (VPN) a devenit din ce \u00een ce mai popular\u0103 \u00een r\u00e2ndul utilizatorilor care caut\u0103 un nivel suplimentar de confiden\u021bialitate \u0219i securitate. <\/span>Planet VPN<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 mascheaz\u0103 adresa IP a utilizatorului \u0219i cripteaz\u0103 traficul de internet, ceea ce face mult mai dificil pentru ter\u021be p\u0103r\u021bi s\u0103 monitorizeze sau s\u0103 urm\u0103reasc\u0103 activit\u0103\u021bile online.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

Acest instrument suplimentar este adesea utilizat de persoanele care doresc s\u0103 asigure anonimatul atunci c\u00e2nd acceseaz\u0103 Telegram sau alte platforme similare, \u00een special \u00een regiunile \u00een care guvernele sau alte entit\u0103\u021bi \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 monitorizeze sau s\u0103 restric\u021bioneze comunicarea.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Protec\u021bia juridic\u0103 \u0219i divulgarea datelor\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u00cen consecin\u021b\u0103, sunt necesare mai multe hot\u0103r\u00e2ri judec\u0103tore\u0219ti din diferite jurisdic\u021bii pentru a impune divulgarea datelor.\u00a0 Aceast\u0103 structur\u0103 asigur\u0103 c\u0103 niciun guvern sau coali\u021bie de guverne nu poate \u00eempiedica via\u021ba privat\u0103 \u0219i libertatea de exprimare a oamenilor.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

Numai \u00een cazurile \u00een care exist\u0103 o preocupare presant\u0103 \u0219i universal\u0103 care a fost revizuit\u0103 \u0219i validat\u0103 \u00een detaliu de mai multe sisteme juridice la scar\u0103 global\u0103, Telegram poate fi obligat\u0103 s\u0103 dezv\u0103luie datele utilizatorilor.\u00a0 P\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een prezent, nu au fost divulgate date unor ter\u021be p\u0103r\u021bi, inclusiv guvernelor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cen timp ce criptarea server-client este considerat\u0103 \u00een mod rezonabil sigur\u0103, trebuie remarcat faptul c\u0103 acest nivel de securitate “de baz\u0103” se aplic\u0103 numai \u00eentre utilizatori \u0219i server.\u00a0 Acest lucru \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 Telegram poate avea acces la serverele sale \u0219i poate intercepta comunica\u021biile, inclusiv apelurile \u0219i apelurile video.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

Infractorii cibernetici ar putea face acela\u0219i lucru dac\u0103 reu\u0219esc s\u0103 \u00eencalce sistemele de securitate ale platformei.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Telegram\u2019s<\/p>\n

Activarea cript\u0103rii end-to-end a Telegram\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

Cum r\u0103m\u00e2ne cu cel de-al doilea nivel de securitate al Telegram, criptarea end-to-end? <\/b>\u00a0Acesta reprezint\u0103 cel mai \u00eenalt nivel de securitate disponibil pe platform\u0103 \u0219i se aplic\u0103 chat-urilor secrete (care pot fi activate \u00een set\u0103rile individuale de chat, de\u0219i nu \u00een mod deosebit intuitiv).\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

Pentru a activa chat-uri secrete pe Telegram, naviga\u021bi la set\u0103rile individuale de chat, localiza\u021bi profilul de utilizator \u0219i atinge\u021bi cele trei puncte din col\u021bul din dreapta sus.\u00a0 Selecta\u021bi pictograma cu lac\u0103tul pentru a ini\u021bia chatul secret.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Protocolul MTProto \u0219i caracteristicile sale criptografice\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

Trebuie remarcat faptul c\u0103 protocolul MTProto proprietar, aplicat serverelor Telegram, este disponibil numai \u00een aceast\u0103 etap\u0103.\u00a0 Acest protocol este capabil s\u0103 protejeze comunica\u021biile utilizatorilor prin intermediul cript\u0103rii client-client.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

Pentru a elabora mai departe, protocolul MTProto utilizeaz\u0103 o combina\u021bie de algoritmi criptografici, inclusiv criptarea AES-256 pentru mesaje, criptarea RSA pe 2048 de bi\u021bi pentru schimburile de chei criptografice \u0219i schimbul de chei Diffie-Hellman pentru a stabili chat-uri secrete pe canale de comunicare neprotejate.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ca un protocol non-open source, exper\u021bii independen\u021bi de securitate nu sunt \u00een m\u0103sur\u0103 s\u0103 testeze nivelul de securitate \u0219i posibilele vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi, ceea ce nu este un punct \u00een favoarea Telegram. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cen general, exper\u021bii \u00een securitate prefer\u0103 bibliotecile de criptare standardizate, unde poten\u021bialele vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi sunt cunoscute \u0219i pot fi mai bine abordate \u0219i rezolvate.\u00a0 \u00cen consecin\u021b\u0103, impenetrabilitatea cript\u0103rii end-to-end a Telegram r\u0103m\u00e2ne incert\u0103.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Arestarea recent\u0103 a fondatorului Telegram, Pavel Durov, la 24 august 2024, pe aeroportul Paris-le Bourget a adus din nou \u00een centrul aten\u021biei aplica\u021bia de mesagerie.\u00a0 Diferite guverne au acuzat aplica\u021bia ca fiind un \u201eloc de \u00eent\u00e2lnire\u201d major pentru personaje nepl\u0103cute, inclusiv infractori, terori\u0219ti, produc\u0103tori \u0219i consumatori de pornografie infantil\u0103.\u00a0 Potrivit procuraturii, ace\u0219ti infractori aleg Telegram…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":149576,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[322],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-149646","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cibernetica-si-protectie-internet"],"yoast_head":"\nTelegram Security: Criptare, utilizarea VPN-ului \u0219i controverse explicate<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Descoperi\u021bi modul \u00een care Telegram securizeaz\u0103 datele utilizatorilor cu criptare, rolul VPN-urilor \u00een \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea confiden\u021bialit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i controversele din jurul protocolului s\u0103u MTProto. 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